Linux ubuntu 6.8.0-90-generic #91-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue Nov 18 14:14:30 UTC 2025 x86_64
nginx/1.24.0
: 67.217.245.49 | : 216.73.216.50
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8.3.6
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Terminal
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usr /
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[ HOME SHELL ]
Name
Size
Permission
Action
NF
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
VGAuthService
130.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
[
54.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-enabled
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-exec
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-features-abi
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ab
58.43
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
acpidbg
1.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
add-apt-repository
16.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
addpart
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-bug
2.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-cli
13.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-collect
2.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-unpack
3.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
appstreamcli
138.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apropos
47.28
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt
18.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-add-repository
16.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-cache
86.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-cdrom
26.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-config
30.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-extracttemplates
22.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-ftparchive
222.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-get
50.47
KB
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apt-key
27.99
KB
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apt-mark
54.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-sortpkgs
50.4
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
arch
34.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_chk
5.52
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_dump_log
5.31
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_ftdump
5.32
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_pack
5.35
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_read_log
5.48
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aulast
18.3
KB
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aulastlog
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ausyscall
14.3
KB
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automat-visualize3
984
B
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auvirt
38.38
KB
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awk
722.5
KB
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b2sum
54.51
KB
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base32
38.51
KB
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base64
38.51
KB
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basename
34.51
KB
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basenc
46.51
KB
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bash
1.38
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
bashbug
6.82
KB
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bc
90.82
KB
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boltctl
122.84
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
bpftrace
2.15
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
bpftrace-aotrt
985.37
KB
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btrfs
1001.25
KB
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btrfs-convert
576.3
KB
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btrfs-find-root
520.3
KB
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btrfs-image
552.3
KB
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btrfs-map-logical
520.3
KB
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btrfs-select-super
516.3
KB
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btrfsck
1001.25
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
btrfstune
544.3
KB
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busctl
94.59
KB
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busybox
2.03
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu
8.5
KB
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byobu-config
996
B
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byobu-ctrl-a
4.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-disable
1.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-disable-prompt
1.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-enable
1.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-enable-prompt
1.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-export
1.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-janitor
7.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-keybindings
1.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-launch
3.25
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-launcher
1.87
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-launcher-install
2.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-launcher-uninstall
1.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-layout
3.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-prompt
1.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-quiet
1.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-reconnect-sockets
3.22
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-screen
8.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-select-backend
1.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-select-profile
5.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-select-session
1012
B
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byobu-shell
1.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-silent
1.28
KB
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byobu-status
5.87
KB
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byobu-status-detail
1.18
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
byobu-tmux
8.5
KB
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byobu-ugraph
4.56
KB
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byobu-ulevel
11.71
KB
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c_rehash
6.68
KB
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captoinfo
90.41
KB
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cat
38.46
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
catman
30.77
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
certbot
958
B
-rwxr-xr-x
cftp3
224
B
-rwxr-xr-x
cgi-fcgi
18.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chage
70.49
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
chardet
221
B
-rwxr-xr-x
chardetect
221
B
-rwxr-xr-x
chattr
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chcon
58.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
checkgid
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chfn
71.09
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
chgrp
58.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chmod
54.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
choom
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chown
58.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chrt
30.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chsh
43.71
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
chvt
14.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cifsiostat
26.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ckbcomp
147.14
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ckeygen3
227
B
-rwxr-xr-x
cksum
102.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clambc
6.68
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
clamscan
162.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clamsubmit
126.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clear
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clear_console
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cloud-id
966
B
-rwxr-xr-x
cloud-init
970
B
-rwxr-xr-x
cloud-init-per
2.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cmp
42.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
codepage
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
col
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
col1
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col2
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col3
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col4
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col5
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col6
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col7
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col8
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
col9
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
colcrt
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
colrm
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
column
38.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
comm
38.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
conch3
225
B
-rwxr-xr-x
corelist
15.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cp
138.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cpan
8.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cpan5.38-x86_64-linux-gnu
8.18
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cpio
137.67
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cpupower
1.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
crontab
38.73
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
csplit
50.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ctail
960
B
-rwxr-xr-x
ctstat
22.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
curl
290.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cut
38.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cvtsudoers
321.1
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dash
126.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
date
106.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbilogstrip
1.35
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbiprof
6.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbiproxy
5.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbpmda
94.8
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-cleanup-sockets
14.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-daemon
230.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-monitor
26.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-run-session
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-send
30.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-update-activation-environ...
14.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-uuidgen
14.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbxtool
30.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dd
70.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deallocvt
14.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deb-systemd-helper
23.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deb-systemd-invoke
6.97
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf
2.8
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-apt-progress
11.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-communicate
623
B
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-copydb
1.68
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-escape
668
B
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-set-selections
3.14
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-show
1.78
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debian-distro-info
30.95
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
delpart
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
delv
45.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
df
87.08
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dh_bash-completion
4.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dh_installxmlcatalogs
9.22
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dh_perl_dbi
1.17
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
diff
134.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
diff3
58.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dig
150.83
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dir
138.98
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dircolors
46.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dirmngr
473.77
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dirmngr-client
54.92
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dirname
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
distro-info
26.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dmesg
68.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dnsdomainname
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
do-release-upgrade
10.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
domainname
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg
310.72
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-deb
142.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-divert
118.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-maintscript-helper
20.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-query
134.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-realpath
4.09
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-split
98.53
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-statoverride
50.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-trigger
42.53
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dstat
74.98
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
du
98.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dumpkeys
162.85
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
eatmydata
2.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ec2metadata
8.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
echo
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ed
58.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
editor
272.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
efibootdump
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
efibootmgr
47.69
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
egrep
41
B
-rwxr-xr-x
eject
42.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
enc2xs
40.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
encguess
3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
env
46.95
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
envsubst
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
eqn
188.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ex
3.94
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
expand
34.53
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
expiry
26.52
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
expr
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
factor
62.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
faillog
22.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fallocate
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
false
26.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fcgistarter
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fgconsole
14.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fgrep
41
B
-rwxr-xr-x
filan
50.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
file
30.6
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
finalrd
2.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
find
199.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
findmnt
67.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
flock
22.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fmt
38.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fold
34.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
free
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
freshclam
162.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ftp
182.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
funzip
26.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fuser
39.34
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fusermount
38.38
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
fusermount3
38.38
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
fwupdmgr
118.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fwupdtool
110.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
galera_new_cluster
917
B
-rwxr-xr-x
galera_recovery
3.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gapplication
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gawk
722.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gawkbug
6.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gdbus
50.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gencat
26.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
genpmda
29.17
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
geqn
188.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
getconf
26.36
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
getent
38.72
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
getkeycodes
14.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
getopt
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gettext
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gettext.sh
5.07
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ginstall-info
47.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gio
102.4
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gio-querymodules
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
git
3.88
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
git-receive-pack
3.88
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
git-shell
624.81
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
git-upload-archive
3.88
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
git-upload-pack
3.88
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
glib-compile-schemas
54.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpasswd
74.46
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
gpg
1.09
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpg-agent
357.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpg-connect-agent
87.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpg-wks-client
139.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgconf
115.36
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgparsemail
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgsm
501.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgsplit
26.62
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgtar
67.83
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpgv
303.14
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gpic
196.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grep
182.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gresource
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
groff
94.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grog
18.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grops
162.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grotty
118.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
groups
34.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
growpart
29.19
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-editenv
393.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-file
741.88
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-fstest
863.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-glue-efi
102.88
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-kbdcomp
1.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-menulst2cfg
83.2
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkfont
131.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkimage
377.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mklayout
103.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mknetdir
429.77
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2
111.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkrelpath
259.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkrescue
1019.84
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mkstandalone
510.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-mount
682.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-ntldr-img
38.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-render-label
750.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-script-check
126.76
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
grub-syslinux2cfg
698.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gsettings
30.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gtbl
134.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gunzip
2.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gzexe
6.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
gzip
91.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
h2ph
28.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
h2xs
59.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hardlink
46.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hd
46.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
head
42.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
helpztags
2.46
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hexdump
46.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
host
118.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hostid
34.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hostname
22.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
hostnamectl
30.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
htcacheclean
34.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
htdbm
26.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
htdigest
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
htop
370.33
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
htpasswd
26.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
hwe-support-status
11.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
i386
26.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
iconv
66.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
id
38.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
ifstat
34.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
inetutils-telnet
177.85
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-rwxr-xr-x
info
241.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
infobrowser
241.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
infocmp
66.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
infotocap
90.41
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innochecksum
4.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
innotop
445.71
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-rwxr-xr-x
install
142.52
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install-info
47.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
instmodsh
4.27
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-rwxr-xr-x
ionice
18.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
iostat
54.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
ip
754.8
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-rwxr-xr-x
ipcmk
22.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
ipcrm
18.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
ipcs
38.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
iperf3
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
iptables-xml
92.95
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-rwxr-xr-x
ischroot
14.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
iscsiadm
370.43
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-rwxr-xr-x
join
50.55
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-rwxr-xr-x
journalctl
78.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
jq
30.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
json-patch-jsondiff
1004
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json_pp
4.88
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-rwxr-xr-x
jsondiff
1004
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jsonpatch
3.77
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jsonpointer
1.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
jsonschema
213
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kbd_mode
14.66
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kbdinfo
18.37
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-rwxr-xr-x
kbxutil
62.83
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-rwxr-xr-x
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3.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
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54.67
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-rwxr-xr-x
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22.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
killall
31.34
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-rwxr-xr-x
kmod
170.24
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kmodsign
18.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
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646
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34.38
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lastb
34.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
lastlog
27.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
lcf
7.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
ld.so
231.07
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-rwxr-xr-x
ldd
5.26
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-rwxr-xr-x
less
190.38
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lessecho
14.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
lessfile
8.83
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lesskey
23.7
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lesspipe
8.83
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letsencrypt
958
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lexgrog
99.51
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libnetcfg
15.41
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link
34.51
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linux-boot-prober
1.54
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linux-check-removal
3.99
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linux-update-symlinks
6.17
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linux-version
2.63
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linux32
26.65
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linux64
26.65
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ln
54.51
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lnstat
22.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
loadkeys
202.9
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loadunimap
34.46
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49.63
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locale-check
14.15
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26.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
localedef
319.09
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logger
38.97
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login
51.81
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loginctl
66.58
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logname
34.51
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logresolve
14.31
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look
18.38
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lowntfs-3g
118.98
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ls
138.98
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lsattr
14.31
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lsb_release
2.59
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lsblk
146.38
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lscpu
110.38
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lshw
957.2
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-rwxr-xr-x
lsinitramfs
735
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lsipc
50.38
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lslocks
30.77
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50.38
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38.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
lsmod
170.24
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lsns
42.38
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lsof
171.66
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lspci
100.11
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lspgpot
1.06
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-rwxr-xr-x
lspower
1.18
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-rwxr-xr-x
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246.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
lzcat
86.92
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lzcmp
7.25
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lzdiff
7.25
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lzegrep
10.09
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lzfgrep
10.09
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lzgrep
10.09
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lzless
1.77
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lzma
86.92
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lzmainfo
14.38
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lzmore
2.14
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mailmail3
227
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125.41
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35.4
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143.67
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1.9
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manpath
26.78
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mapscrn
30.46
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5.07
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-rwxr-xr-x
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109.31
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4.85
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mariadb-analyze
4.84
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5.13
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4.84
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4.56
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mariadb-convert-table-format
4.12
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mariadb-dump
4.93
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mariadb-dumpslow
8.05
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mariadb-find-rows
3.21
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mariadb-fix-extensions
1.22
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34.53
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4.83
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mariadb-install-db
22.13
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mariadb-optimize
4.84
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mariadb-plugin
4.54
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mariadb-repair
4.84
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49.02
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mariadb-secure-installation
13.49
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mariadb-service-convert
2.45
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mariadb-setpermission
17.56
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4.83
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4.85
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4.53
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mariadb-upgrade
4.97
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mariadb-waitpid
4.53
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4.84
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26.69
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mariadbd-safe
30.42
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mariadbd-safe-helper
4.49
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220
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mawk
166.77
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mbim-network
11.08
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mbimcli
216.65
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mcookie
26.45
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md5sum
38.41
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md5sum.textutils
38.41
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mdig
50.4
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memhog
14.42
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memusage
7.32
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memusagestat
22.44
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mesg
14.38
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migrate-pubring-from-classic-g...
3.02
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migratepages
14.38
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migspeed
14.3
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15.78
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74.51
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mkfifo
42.51
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mknod
42.51
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mkpasswd
26.38
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mksquashfs
286.95
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mktemp
34.51
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mmcli
273.94
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mokutil
59.48
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more
46.38
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mount
50.38
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mountpoint
18.38
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mpstat
50.45
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1.41
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mt
70.73
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mt-gnu
70.73
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mtr
76.25
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34.3
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mtrace
6.37
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mv
134.52
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4.53
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4.87
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myisamchk
4.99
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4.85
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4.9
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5.07
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4.12
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3.21
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1.22
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22.13
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4.54
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13.49
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17.56
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4.53
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4.97
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4.53
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109.31
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4.85
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4.84
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5.13
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mysqlcheck
4.84
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26.69
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30.42
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mysqld_safe_helper
4.49
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4.93
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8.05
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34.53
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4.83
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4.84
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mysqlrepair
4.84
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mysqlreport
49.02
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4.83
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mysqlslap
4.85
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71.95
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namei
22.38
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nano
272.5
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nawk
722.5
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nc
38.63
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nc.openbsd
38.63
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neqn
913
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netaddr
959
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netcat
38.63
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netstat
154.59
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networkctl
122.58
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networkd-dispatcher
19.88
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newgrp
39.71
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34.38
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nice
34.51
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nisdomainname
22.23
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nl
38.6
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nohup
34.41
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nproc
34.51
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nroff
5.58
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nsenter
30.6
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nslookup
122.82
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nstat
30.38
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nsupdate
74.55
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159.01
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14.38
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26.38
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38.38
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ntfscmp
30.38
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ntfsdecrypt
42.38
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ntfsfallocate
26.38
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ntfsfix
34.38
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ntfsinfo
54.38
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ntfsls
27.45
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ntfsmove
30.38
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102.38
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ntfssecaudit
78.86
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26.3
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18.3
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ntfswipe
46.91
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35.23
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numastat
35.56
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numfmt
58.54
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od
70.51
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oem-getlogs
8.3
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3.7
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981.8
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openvt
22.73
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os-prober
4.42
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190.38
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partx
62.38
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62.65
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38.41
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pastebinit
16.31
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patch
182.52
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pathchk
34.51
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pbget
2.51
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pbput
2.51
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pbputs
2.51
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pcp
5.3
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pcp2csv
65.89
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pdb3
67.83
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pdb3.12
67.83
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peekfd
14.3
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perf
1.58
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perl
3.83
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perl5.38-x86_64-linux-gnu
14.3
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perl5.38.2
3.83
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perlbug
44.52
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perldoc
125
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perlivp
10.61
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perlthanks
44.52
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perror
4.72
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pgrep
34.47
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phar
14.84
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phar.default
14.84
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phar.phar
14.84
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phar.phar.default
14.84
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phar.phar8.3
14.84
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phar8.3
14.84
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phar8.3.phar
14.84
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5.52
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php.default
5.52
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php8.3
5.52
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196.06
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pico
272.5
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8.16
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pidof
26.23
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pidstat
50.45
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pidwait
34.47
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pinentry
58.65
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pinentry-curses
58.65
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ping
87.7
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ping4
87.7
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ping6
87.7
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pinky
38.41
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pkaction
18.3
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pkcheck
22.3
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pkcon
54.3
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pkill
34.47
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pkmon
22.3
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pkttyagent
22.3
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pl2pm
4.43
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pldd
22.44
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plymouth
46.3
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pmafm
11.84
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pmap
34.4
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pmclient
22.92
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pmclient_fg
18.91
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pmdate
14.02
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pmdbg
22.58
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pmdiff
7.63
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pmdumplog
35.13
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pmerr
14.02
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pmevent
43.38
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pmfind
22.7
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pmgenmap
2.38
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pmie
197.95
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pmie2col
2.81
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pmieconf
56.77
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-rwxr-xr-x
pmiectl
46
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pminfo
47.29
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pmiostat
20.79
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pmjson
14.63
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pmlc
55.86
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pmlogcheck
38.7
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pmlogconf
55.26
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-rwxr-xr-x
pmlogctl
46
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pmlogdump
35.13
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pmlogextract
74.88
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-rwxr-xr-x
pmlogger
159.62
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pmloglabel
22.63
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pmlogmv
18.54
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pmlogpaste
18.57
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pmlogredact
1.79
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pmlogreduce
30.7
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pmlogrewrite
158.76
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pmlogsize
26.54
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pmlogsummary
35.13
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-rwxr-xr-x
pmprobe
23.04
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pmpython
14.02
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pmrep
65.89
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pmrepconf
55.26
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pmsearch
22.91
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pmseries
39.16
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pmsocks
1010
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pmstat
27.07
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pmstore
18.7
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pmtrace
14.02
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pmval
43.38
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pod2html
3.95
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pod2man
18.46
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pod2text
12.8
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pod2usage
4.01
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podchecker
3.57
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pollinate
8.54
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pr
70.58
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preconv
58.48
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printenv
34.38
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printf
54.44
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prlimit
26.89
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pro
1003
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procan
42.41
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prove
13.34
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prtstat
18.38
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ps
142.99
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psfaddtable
22.37
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psfgettable
22.37
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psfstriptable
22.37
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psfxtable
22.37
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pslog
14.3
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pstree
35.32
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pstree.x11
35.32
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ptar
3.48
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ptardiff
2.58
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ptargrep
4.29
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ptx
54.54
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purge-old-kernels
1.12
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pv
79.41
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pwd
34.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
pwdx
14.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
py3clean
7.63
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py3compile
13
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py3versions
12.52
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pybabel
956
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pybabel-python3
956
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pydoc3
80
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pydoc3.12
80
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pygettext3
23.66
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pygettext3.12
23.66
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pygmentize
215
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pyhtmlizer3
222
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pyserial-miniterm
975
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pyserial-ports
969
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python3
7.65
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python3.12
7.65
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pzstd
690.54
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qmi-firmware-update
168.09
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qmi-network
16.04
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qmicli
586.84
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rbash
1.38
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rdma
102.52
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readlink
42.41
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realpath
42.41
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red
89
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rename.ul
22.38
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renice
14.38
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replace
4.51
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rescan-scsi-bus.sh
38.05
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reset
26.31
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resizecons
26.46
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resizepart
22.38
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resolve_stack_dump
4.53
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resolvectl
158.67
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resolveip
4.53
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rev
14.38
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rgrep
30
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rm
58.51
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rmdir
46.41
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rnano
272.5
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rotatelogs
26.38
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routel
1.62
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rpcgen
94.59
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rrsync
12.34
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rsync
502.13
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rsync-ssl
5.02
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rtla
1.58
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rtstat
22.66
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run-one
3.51
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run-one-constantly
3.51
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run-one-until-failure
3.51
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run-one-until-success
3.51
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run-parts
26.82
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run-this-one
3.51
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runcon
34.51
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rview
3.94
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rvim
3.94
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sadf
382.31
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sar
137.38
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sar.sysstat
137.38
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savelog
10.24
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sbattach
22.54
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sbkeysync
34.74
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sbsiglist
14.6
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sbsign
34.7
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sbvarsign
22.73
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sbverify
30.61
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scalar
668.94
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scandeps
6.47
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scp
134.59
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-rwxr-xr-x
screen
478.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
screendump
14.3
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script
54.38
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scriptlive
42.38
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scriptreplay
34.38
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scsi_logging_level
8.38
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scsi_mandat
3.52
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scsi_readcap
1.3
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scsi_ready
1.09
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scsi_satl
3.74
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-rwxr-xr-x
scsi_start
1.25
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scsi_stop
1.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
scsi_temperature
936
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sdiff
50.39
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sed
110.57
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select-editor
2.39
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sensible-browser
1.55
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-rwxr-xr-x
sensible-editor
1.52
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sensible-pager
921
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sensible-terminal
1.15
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seq
50.51
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setarch
26.65
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setfont
54.46
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setkeycodes
14.37
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setleds
18.43
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-rwxr-xr-x
setlogcons
14.37
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-rwxr-xr-x
setmetamode
14.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
setpci
30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
setpriv
38.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
setsid
14.38
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setterm
34.38
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setupcon
40.06
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sftp
150.66
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sg
39.71
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sg_bg_ctl
14.51
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sg_compare_and_write
26.91
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sg_copy_results
23.3
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sg_dd
54.33
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sg_decode_sense
14.76
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sg_emc_trespass
14.3
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sg_format
39.35
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sg_get_config
35.38
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sg_get_elem_status
26.79
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sg_get_lba_status
22.95
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sg_ident
14.6
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sg_inq
115.61
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sg_logs
146.93
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sg_luns
22.79
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sg_map
18.3
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sg_map26
26.7
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sg_modes
46.08
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sg_opcodes
35.01
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sg_persist
36.08
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sg_prevent
14.51
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sg_raw
26.91
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sg_rbuf
22.73
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sg_rdac
18.3
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sg_read
26.31
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sg_read_attr
36.65
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sg_read_block_limits
14.54
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sg_read_buffer
27.56
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sg_read_long
14.7
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sg_readcap
22.79
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sg_reassign
18.66
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sg_referrals
14.66
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sg_rep_pip
14.57
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sg_rep_zones
26.8
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sg_requests
22.76
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sg_reset
14.66
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sg_reset_wp
14.6
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sg_rmsn
14.51
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sg_rtpg
14.6
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sg_safte
22.7
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sg_sanitize
27.01
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sg_sat_identify
18.73
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sg_sat_phy_event
19.01
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sg_sat_read_gplog
18.73
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sg_sat_set_features
18.7
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sg_scan
18.38
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sg_seek
18.88
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sg_senddiag
27.2
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sg_ses
119.97
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sg_ses_microcode
27.36
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sg_start
18.85
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sg_stpg
22.73
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sg_stream_ctl
18.7
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sg_sync
14.66
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sg_test_rwbuf
18.6
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sg_timestamp
22.83
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sg_turs
26.7
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sg_unmap
22.76
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sg_verify
22.91
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sg_vpd
118.42
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sg_wr_mode
22.73
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sg_write_buffer
27.23
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sg_write_long
14.76
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sg_write_same
26.95
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sg_write_verify
26.79
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sg_write_x
55.6
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sg_xcopy
42.32
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sg_zone
14.86
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sginfo
76.01
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sgm_dd
34.31
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sgp_dd
46.31
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sh
126.74
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sha1sum
38.41
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sha224sum
38.41
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sha256sum
38.41
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sha384sum
38.41
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sha512sum
38.41
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shasum
9.75
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showconsolefont
18.37
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showkey
18.37
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shred
54.51
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shuf
46.51
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sigtool
6.74
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skill
26.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
slabtop
22.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
sleep
34.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
slogin
827.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
snap
20.64
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-rwxr-xr-x
snapctl
7.29
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-rwxr-xr-x
snapfuse
38.23
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snice
26.41
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socat
447.68
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-rwxr-xr-x
socat-broker.sh
2.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
socat-chain.sh
7.86
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-rwxr-xr-x
socat-mux.sh
3.47
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-rwxr-xr-x
socat1
447.68
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-rwxr-xr-x
soelim
34.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
sort
102.8
KB
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sos
612
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sos-collector
1.04
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sosreport
1.03
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-rwxr-xr-x
sotruss
4.21
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-rwxr-xr-x
speedtest
980
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-rwxr-xr-x
speedtest-cli
988
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splain
18.99
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split
54.94
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-rwxr-xr-x
splitfont
14.3
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sprof
34.44
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sqfscat
147.9
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-rwxr-xr-x
sqfstar
286.95
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-rwxr-xr-x
ss
129.07
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh
827.04
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-add
294.42
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ssh-agent
302.43
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ssh-argv0
1.42
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ssh-copy-id
12.77
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ssh-import-id
985
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ssh-import-id-gh
785
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ssh-import-id-lp
785
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ssh-keygen
442.44
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ssh-keyscan
330.44
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stat
86.52
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static-sh
2.03
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stdbuf
50.51
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strace
1.99
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-rwxr-xr-x
strace-log-merge
1.78
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streamzip
7.87
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-rwxr-xr-x
stty
78.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
su
54.38
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudo
271.42
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudoedit
271.42
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sudoreplay
95.95
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sum
34.41
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sync
34.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemctl
1.43
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd
98.45
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systemd-ac-power
14.45
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systemd-analyze
198.85
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-ask-password
18.58
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systemd-cat
18.45
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systemd-cgls
22.57
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systemd-cgtop
38.47
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systemd-confext
54.64
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systemd-creds
42.72
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systemd-cryptenroll
70.92
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systemd-cryptsetup
78.95
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systemd-delta
26.45
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systemd-detect-virt
18.45
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systemd-escape
22.45
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systemd-firstboot
58.82
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systemd-hwdb
154.74
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systemd-id128
22.45
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systemd-inhibit
22.47
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systemd-machine-id-setup
18.63
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systemd-mount
50.78
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systemd-notify
26.66
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systemd-path
18.45
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systemd-repart
195.23
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systemd-run
66.79
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systemd-socket-activate
30.45
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systemd-stdio-bridge
22.45
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systemd-sysext
54.64
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systemd-sysusers
66.63
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systemd-tmpfiles
114.7
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systemd-tty-ask-password-agent
34.45
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systemd-umount
50.78
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tabs
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1.21
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1003
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1003
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2.27
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26.89
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22.25
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97.21
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97.21
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6.75
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9.83
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22.3
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2.39
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66.86
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49.23
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8.11
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7.25
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10.09
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10.09
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2.14
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1.94
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1.64
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6.31
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29
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29
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70.4
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68.55
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2.89
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174.42
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62.4
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58.4
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2.15
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1.8
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998.79
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998.79
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3.78
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197
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998.79
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Code Editor : enc2xs
#!/usr/bin/perl eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell #!./perl BEGIN { # @INC poking no longer needed w/ new MakeMaker and Makefile.PL's # with $ENV{PERL_CORE} set # In case we need it in future... require Config; import Config; pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.'; } use strict; use warnings; use Getopt::Std; use Config; my @orig_ARGV = @ARGV; our $VERSION = do { my @r = (q$Revision: 2.24 $ =~ /\d+/g); sprintf "%d."."%02d" x $#r, @r }; # These may get re-ordered. # RAW is a do_now as inserted by &enter # AGG is an aggregated do_now, as built up by &process use constant { RAW_NEXT => 0, RAW_IN_LEN => 1, RAW_OUT_BYTES => 2, RAW_FALLBACK => 3, AGG_MIN_IN => 0, AGG_MAX_IN => 1, AGG_OUT_BYTES => 2, AGG_NEXT => 3, AGG_IN_LEN => 4, AGG_OUT_LEN => 5, AGG_FALLBACK => 6, }; # (See the algorithm in encengine.c - we're building structures for it) # There are two sorts of structures. # "do_now" (an array, two variants of what needs storing) is whatever we need # to do now we've read an input byte. # It's housed in a "do_next" (which is how we got to it), and in turn points # to a "do_next" which contains all the "do_now"s for the next input byte. # There will be a "do_next" which is the start state. # For a single byte encoding it's the only "do_next" - each "do_now" points # back to it, and each "do_now" will cause bytes. There is no state. # For a multi-byte encoding where all characters in the input are the same # length, then there will be a tree of "do_now"->"do_next"->"do_now" # branching out from the start state, one step for each input byte. # The leaf "do_now"s will all be at the same distance from the start state, # only the leaf "do_now"s cause output bytes, and they in turn point back to # the start state. # For an encoding where there are variable length input byte sequences, you # will encounter a leaf "do_now" sooner for the shorter input sequences, but # as before the leaves will point back to the start state. # The system will cope with escape encodings (imagine them as a mostly # self-contained tree for each escape state, and cross links between trees # at the state-switching characters) but so far no input format defines these. # The system will also cope with having output "leaves" in the middle of # the bifurcating branches, not just at the extremities, but again no # input format does this yet. # There are two variants of the "do_now" structure. The first, smaller variant # is generated by &enter as the input file is read. There is one structure # for each input byte. Say we are mapping a single byte encoding to a # single byte encoding, with "ABCD" going "abcd". There will be # 4 "do_now"s, {"A" => [...,"a",...], "B" => [...,"b",...], "C"=>..., "D"=>...} # &process then walks the tree, building aggregate "do_now" structures for # adjacent bytes where possible. The aggregate is for a contiguous range of # bytes which each produce the same length of output, each move to the # same next state, and each have the same fallback flag. # So our 4 RAW "do_now"s above become replaced by a single structure # containing: # ["A", "D", "abcd", 1, ...] # ie, for an input byte $_ in "A".."D", output 1 byte, found as # substr ("abcd", (ord $_ - ord "A") * 1, 1) # which maps very nicely into pointer arithmetic in C for encengine.c sub encode_U { # UTF-8 encode long hand - only covers part of perl's range ## my $uv = shift; # chr() works in native space so convert value from table # into that space before using chr(). my $ch = chr(utf8::unicode_to_native($_[0])); # Now get core perl to encode that the way it likes. utf8::encode($ch); return $ch; } sub encode_S { # encode single byte ## my ($ch,$page) = @_; return chr($ch); return chr $_[0]; } sub encode_D { # encode double byte MS byte first ## my ($ch,$page) = @_; return chr($page).chr($ch); return chr ($_[1]) . chr $_[0]; } sub encode_M { # encode Multi-byte - single for 0..255 otherwise double ## my ($ch,$page) = @_; ## return &encode_D if $page; ## return &encode_S; return chr ($_[1]) . chr $_[0] if $_[1]; return chr $_[0]; } my %encode_types = (U => \&encode_U, S => \&encode_S, D => \&encode_D, M => \&encode_M, ); # Win32 does not expand globs on command line if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' and !$ENV{PERL_CORE}) { eval "\@ARGV = map(glob(\$_),\@ARGV)"; @ARGV = @orig_ARGV unless @ARGV; } my %opt; # I think these are: # -Q to disable the duplicate codepoint test # -S make mapping errors fatal # -q to remove comments written to output files # -O to enable the (brute force) substring optimiser # -o <output> to specify the output file name (else it's the first arg) # -f <inlist> to give a file with a list of input files (else use the args) # -n <name> to name the encoding (else use the basename of the input file. #Getopt::Long::Configure("bundling"); #GetOptions(\%opt, qw(C M=s S Q q O o=s f=s n=s v)); getopts('CM:SQqOo:f:n:v',\%opt); $opt{M} and make_makefile_pl($opt{M}, @ARGV); $opt{C} and make_configlocal_pm($opt{C}, @ARGV); $opt{v} ||= $ENV{ENC2XS_VERBOSE}; $opt{q} ||= $ENV{ENC2XS_NO_COMMENTS}; sub verbose { print STDERR @_ if $opt{v}; } sub verbosef { printf STDERR @_ if $opt{v}; } # ($cpp, $static, $sized) = compiler_info($declaration) # # return some information about the compiler and compile options we're using: # # $declaration - true if we're doing a declaration rather than a definition. # # $cpp - we're using C++ # $static - ok to declare the arrays as static # $sized - the array declarations should be sized sub compiler_info { my ($declaration) = @_; my $ccflags = $Config{ccflags}; if (defined $Config{ccwarnflags}) { $ccflags .= " " . $Config{ccwarnflags}; } my $compat = $ccflags =~ /\Q-Wc++-compat/; my $pedantic = $ccflags =~ /-pedantic/; my $cpp = ($Config{d_cplusplus} || '') eq 'define'; # The encpage_t tables contain recursive and mutually recursive # references. To allow them to compile under C++ and some restrictive # cc options, it may be necessary to make the tables non-static/const # (thus moving them from the text to the data segment) and/or not # include the size in the declaration. my $static = !( $cpp || ($compat && $pedantic) || ($^O eq 'MacOS' && $declaration) ); # -Wc++-compat on its own warns if the array declaration is sized. # The easiest way to avoid this warning is simply not to include # the size in the declaration. # With -pedantic as well, the issue doesn't arise because $static # above becomes false. my $sized = $declaration && !($compat && !$pedantic); return ($cpp, $static, $sized); } # This really should go first, else the die here causes empty (non-erroneous) # output files to be written. my @encfiles; if (exists $opt{f}) { # -F is followed by name of file containing list of filenames my $flist = $opt{f}; open(FLIST,$flist) || die "Cannot open $flist:$!"; chomp(@encfiles = <FLIST>); close(FLIST); } else { @encfiles = @ARGV; } my $cname = $opt{o} ? $opt{o} : shift(@ARGV); unless ($cname) { #debuging a win32 nmake error-only. works via cmdline print "\nARGV:"; print "$_ " for @ARGV; print "\nopt:"; print " $_ => ",defined $opt{$_}?$opt{$_}:"undef","\n" for keys %opt; } chmod(0666,$cname) if -f $cname && !-w $cname; open(C,">", $cname) || die "Cannot open $cname:$!"; my $dname = $cname; my $hname = $cname; my ($doC,$doEnc,$doUcm,$doPet); if ($cname =~ /\.(c|xs)$/i) # VMS may have upcased filenames with DECC$ARGV_PARSE_STYLE defined { $doC = 1; $dname =~ s/(\.[^\.]*)?$/.exh/; chmod(0666,$dname) if -f $cname && !-w $dname; open(D,">", $dname) || die "Cannot open $dname:$!"; $hname =~ s/(\.[^\.]*)?$/.h/; chmod(0666,$hname) if -f $cname && !-w $hname; open(H,">", $hname) || die "Cannot open $hname:$!"; foreach my $fh (\*C,\*D,\*H) { print $fh <<"END" unless $opt{'q'}; /* !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! This file was autogenerated by: $^X $0 @orig_ARGV enc2xs VERSION $VERSION */ END } if ($cname =~ /\.c$/i && $Config{ccname} eq "gcc") { print C qq(#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wc++-compat"\n); } if ($cname =~ /\.xs$/i) { print C "#define PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT\n"; print C "#include <EXTERN.h>\n"; print C "#include <perl.h>\n"; print C "#include <XSUB.h>\n"; } print C "#include \"encode.h\"\n\n"; } elsif ($cname =~ /\.enc$/i) { $doEnc = 1; } elsif ($cname =~ /\.ucm$/i) { $doUcm = 1; } elsif ($cname =~ /\.pet$/i) { $doPet = 1; } my %encoding; my %strings; my $string_acc; my %strings_in_acc; my $saved = 0; my $subsave = 0; my $strings = 0; sub cmp_name { if ($a =~ /^.*-(\d+)/) { my $an = $1; if ($b =~ /^.*-(\d+)/) { my $r = $an <=> $1; return $r if $r; } } return $a cmp $b; } foreach my $enc (sort cmp_name @encfiles) { my ($name,$sfx) = $enc =~ /^.*?([\w-]+)\.(enc|ucm)$/; $name = $opt{'n'} if exists $opt{'n'}; if (open(E,$enc)) { if ($sfx eq 'enc') { compile_enc(\*E,lc($name)); } else { compile_ucm(\*E,lc($name)); } } else { warn "Cannot open $enc for $name:$!"; } } if ($doC) { verbose "Writing compiled form\n"; foreach my $name (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { my ($e2u,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el) = @{$encoding{$name}}; process($name.'_utf8',$e2u); addstrings(\*C,$e2u); process('utf8_'.$name,$u2e); addstrings(\*C,$u2e); } outbigstring(\*C,"enctable"); foreach my $name (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { my ($e2u,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el) = @{$encoding{$name}}; outtable(\*C,$e2u, "enctable"); outtable(\*C,$u2e, "enctable"); # push(@{$encoding{$name}},outstring(\*C,$e2u->{Cname}.'_def',$erep)); } my ($cpp) = compiler_info(0); my $ext = $cpp ? 'extern "C"' : "extern"; my $exta = $cpp ? 'extern "C"' : "static"; my $extb = $cpp ? 'extern "C"' : ""; foreach my $enc (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { # my ($e2u,$u2e,$rep,$min_el,$max_el,$rsym) = @{$encoding{$enc}}; my ($e2u,$u2e,$rep,$min_el,$max_el) = @{$encoding{$enc}}; #my @info = ($e2u->{Cname},$u2e->{Cname},$rsym,length($rep),$min_el,$max_el); my $replen = 0; $replen++ while($rep =~ /\G\\x[0-9A-Fa-f]/g); my $sym = "${enc}_encoding"; $sym =~ s/\W+/_/g; my @info = ($e2u->{Cname},$u2e->{Cname},"${sym}_rep_character",$replen, $min_el,$max_el); print C "${exta} const U8 ${sym}_rep_character[] = \"$rep\";\n"; print C "${exta} const char ${sym}_enc_name[] = \"$enc\";\n\n"; print C "${extb} const encode_t $sym = \n"; # This is to make null encoding work -- dankogai for (my $i = (scalar @info) - 1; $i >= 0; --$i){ $info[$i] ||= 1; } # end of null tweak -- dankogai print C " {",join(',',@info,"{${sym}_enc_name,(const char *)0}"),"};\n\n"; } foreach my $enc (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { my $sym = "${enc}_encoding"; $sym =~ s/\W+/_/g; print H "${ext} encode_t $sym;\n"; print D " Encode_XSEncoding(aTHX_ &$sym);\n"; } if ($cname =~ /(\w+)\.xs$/) { my $mod = $1; print C <<'END'; static void Encode_XSEncoding(pTHX_ encode_t *enc) { dSP; HV *stash = gv_stashpv("Encode::XS", TRUE); SV *iv = newSViv(PTR2IV(enc)); SV *sv = sv_bless(newRV_noinc(iv),stash); int i = 0; /* with the SvLEN() == 0 hack, PVX won't be freed. We cast away name's constness, in the hope that perl won't mess with it. */ assert(SvTYPE(iv) >= SVt_PV); assert(SvLEN(iv) == 0); SvFLAGS(iv) |= SVp_POK; SvPVX(iv) = (char*) enc->name[0]; PUSHMARK(sp); XPUSHs(sv); while (enc->name[i]) { const char *name = enc->name[i++]; XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(name,strlen(name)))); } PUTBACK; call_pv("Encode::define_encoding",G_DISCARD); SvREFCNT_dec(sv); } END print C "\nMODULE = Encode::$mod\tPACKAGE = Encode::$mod\n\n"; print C "BOOT:\n{\n"; print C "#include \"$dname\"\n"; print C "}\n"; } # Close in void context is bad, m'kay close(D) or warn "Error closing '$dname': $!"; close(H) or warn "Error closing '$hname': $!"; my $perc_saved = $saved/($strings + $saved) * 100; my $perc_subsaved = $subsave/($strings + $subsave) * 100; verbosef "%d bytes in string tables\n",$strings; verbosef "%d bytes (%.3g%%) saved spotting duplicates\n", $saved, $perc_saved if $saved; verbosef "%d bytes (%.3g%%) saved using substrings\n", $subsave, $perc_subsaved if $subsave; } elsif ($doEnc) { foreach my $name (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { my ($e2u,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el) = @{$encoding{$name}}; output_enc(\*C,$name,$e2u); } } elsif ($doUcm) { foreach my $name (sort cmp_name keys %encoding) { my ($e2u,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el) = @{$encoding{$name}}; output_ucm(\*C,$name,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el); } } # writing half meg files and then not checking to see if you just filled the # disk is bad, m'kay close(C) or die "Error closing '$cname': $!"; # End of the main program. sub compile_ucm { my ($fh,$name) = @_; my $e2u = {}; my $u2e = {}; my $cs; my %attr; while (<$fh>) { s/#.*$//; last if /^\s*CHARMAP\s*$/i; if (/^\s*<(\w+)>\s+"?([^"]*)"?\s*$/i) # " # Grrr { $attr{$1} = $2; } } if (!defined($cs = $attr{'code_set_name'})) { warn "No <code_set_name> in $name\n"; } else { $name = $cs unless exists $opt{'n'}; } my $erep; my $urep; my $max_el; my $min_el; if (exists $attr{'subchar'}) { #my @byte; #$attr{'subchar'} =~ /^\s*/cg; #push(@byte,$1) while $attr{'subchar'} =~ /\G\\x([0-9a-f]+)/icg; #$erep = join('',map(chr(hex($_)),@byte)); $erep = $attr{'subchar'}; $erep =~ s/^\s+//; $erep =~ s/\s+$//; } print "Reading $name ($cs)\n" unless defined $ENV{MAKEFLAGS} and $ENV{MAKEFLAGS} =~ /\b(s|silent|quiet)\b/; my $nfb = 0; my $hfb = 0; while (<$fh>) { s/#.*$//; last if /^\s*END\s+CHARMAP\s*$/i; next if /^\s*$/; my (@uni, @byte) = (); my ($uni, $byte, $fb) = m/^(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+/o or die "Bad line: $_"; while ($uni =~ m/\G<([U0-9a-fA-F\+]+)>/g){ push @uni, map { substr($_, 1) } split(/\+/, $1); } while ($byte =~ m/\G\\x([0-9a-fA-F]+)/g){ push @byte, $1; } if (@uni) { my $uch = join('', map { encode_U(hex($_)) } @uni ); my $ech = join('',map(chr(hex($_)),@byte)); my $el = length($ech); $max_el = $el if (!defined($max_el) || $el > $max_el); $min_el = $el if (!defined($min_el) || $el < $min_el); if (length($fb)) { $fb = substr($fb,1); $hfb++; } else { $nfb++; $fb = '0'; } # $fb is fallback flag # 0 - round trip safe # 1 - fallback for unicode -> enc # 2 - skip sub-char mapping # 3 - fallback enc -> unicode enter($u2e,$uch,$ech,$u2e,$fb+0) if ($fb =~ /[01]/); enter($e2u,$ech,$uch,$e2u,$fb+0) if ($fb =~ /[03]/); } else { warn $_; } } if ($nfb && $hfb) { die "$nfb entries without fallback, $hfb entries with\n"; } $encoding{$name} = [$e2u,$u2e,$erep,$min_el,$max_el]; } sub compile_enc { my ($fh,$name) = @_; my $e2u = {}; my $u2e = {}; my $type; while ($type = <$fh>) { last if $type !~ /^\s*#/; } chomp($type); return if $type eq 'E'; # Do the hash lookup once, rather than once per function call. 4% speedup. my $type_func = $encode_types{$type}; my ($def,$sym,$pages) = split(/\s+/,scalar(<$fh>)); warn "$type encoded $name\n"; my $rep = ''; # Save a defined test by setting these to defined values. my $min_el = ~0; # A very big integer my $max_el = 0; # Anything must be longer than 0 { my $v = hex($def); $rep = &$type_func($v & 0xFF, ($v >> 8) & 0xffe); } my $errors; my $seen; # use -Q to silence the seen test. Makefile.PL uses this by default. $seen = {} unless $opt{Q}; do { my $line = <$fh>; chomp($line); my $page = hex($line); my $ch = 0; my $i = 16; do { # So why is it 1% faster to leave the my here? my $line = <$fh>; $line =~ s/\r\n$/\n/; die "$.:${line}Line should be exactly 65 characters long including newline (".length($line).")" unless length ($line) == 65; # Split line into groups of 4 hex digits, convert groups to ints # This takes 65.35 # map {hex $_} $line =~ /(....)/g # This takes 63.75 (2.5% less time) # unpack "n*", pack "H*", $line # There's an implicit loop in map. Loops are bad, m'kay. Ops are bad, m'kay # Doing it as while ($line =~ /(....)/g) took 74.63 foreach my $val (unpack "n*", pack "H*", $line) { next if $val == 0xFFFD; my $ech = &$type_func($ch,$page); if ($val || (!$ch && !$page)) { my $el = length($ech); $max_el = $el if $el > $max_el; $min_el = $el if $el < $min_el; my $uch = encode_U($val); if ($seen) { # We're doing the test. # We don't need to read this quickly, so storing it as a scalar, # rather than 3 (anon array, plus the 2 scalars it holds) saves # RAM and may make us faster on low RAM systems. [see __END__] if (exists $seen->{$uch}) { warn sprintf("U%04X is %02X%02X and %04X\n", $val,$page,$ch,$seen->{$uch}); $errors++; } else { $seen->{$uch} = $page << 8 | $ch; } } # Passing 2 extra args each time is 3.6% slower! # Even with having to add $fallback ||= 0 later enter_fb0($e2u,$ech,$uch); enter_fb0($u2e,$uch,$ech); } else { # No character at this position # enter($e2u,$ech,undef,$e2u); } $ch++; } } while --$i; } while --$pages; die "\$min_el=$min_el, \$max_el=$max_el - seems we read no lines" if $min_el > $max_el; die "$errors mapping conflicts\n" if ($errors && $opt{'S'}); $encoding{$name} = [$e2u,$u2e,$rep,$min_el,$max_el]; } # my ($a,$s,$d,$t,$fb) = @_; sub enter { my ($current,$inbytes,$outbytes,$next,$fallback) = @_; # state we shift to after this (multibyte) input character defaults to same # as current state. $next ||= $current; # Making sure it is defined seems to be faster than {no warnings;} in # &process, or passing it in as 0 explicitly. # XXX $fallback ||= 0; # Start at the beginning and work forwards through the string to zero. # effectively we are removing 1 character from the front each time # but we don't actually edit the string. [this alone seems to be 14% speedup] # Hence -$pos is the length of the remaining string. my $pos = -length $inbytes; while (1) { my $byte = substr $inbytes, $pos, 1; # RAW_NEXT => 0, # RAW_IN_LEN => 1, # RAW_OUT_BYTES => 2, # RAW_FALLBACK => 3, # to unicode an array would seem to be better, because the pages are dense. # from unicode can be very sparse, favouring a hash. # hash using the bytes (all length 1) as keys rather than ord value, # as it's easier to sort these in &process. # It's faster to always add $fallback even if it's undef, rather than # choosing between 3 and 4 element array. (hence why we set it defined # above) my $do_now = $current->{Raw}{$byte} ||= [{},-$pos,'',$fallback]; # When $pos was -1 we were at the last input character. unless (++$pos) { $do_now->[RAW_OUT_BYTES] = $outbytes; $do_now->[RAW_NEXT] = $next; return; } # Tail recursion. The intermediate state may not have a name yet. $current = $do_now->[RAW_NEXT]; } } # This is purely for optimisation. It's just &enter hard coded for $fallback # of 0, using only a 3 entry array ref to save memory for every entry. sub enter_fb0 { my ($current,$inbytes,$outbytes,$next) = @_; $next ||= $current; my $pos = -length $inbytes; while (1) { my $byte = substr $inbytes, $pos, 1; my $do_now = $current->{Raw}{$byte} ||= [{},-$pos,'']; unless (++$pos) { $do_now->[RAW_OUT_BYTES] = $outbytes; $do_now->[RAW_NEXT] = $next; return; } $current = $do_now->[RAW_NEXT]; } } sub process { my ($name,$a) = @_; $name =~ s/\W+/_/g; $a->{Cname} = $name; my $raw = $a->{Raw}; my ($l, $agg_max_in, $agg_next, $agg_in_len, $agg_out_len, $agg_fallback); my @ent; $agg_max_in = 0; foreach my $key (sort keys %$raw) { # RAW_NEXT => 0, # RAW_IN_LEN => 1, # RAW_OUT_BYTES => 2, # RAW_FALLBACK => 3, my ($next, $in_len, $out_bytes, $fallback) = @{$raw->{$key}}; # Now we are converting from raw to aggregate, switch from 1 byte strings # to numbers my $b = ord $key; $fallback ||= 0; if ($l && # If this == fails, we're going to reset $agg_max_in below anyway. $b == ++$agg_max_in && # References in numeric context give the pointer as an int. $agg_next == $next && $agg_in_len == $in_len && $agg_out_len == length $out_bytes && $agg_fallback == $fallback # && length($l->[AGG_OUT_BYTES]) < 16 ) { # my $i = ord($b)-ord($l->[AGG_MIN_IN]); # we can aggregate this byte onto the end. $l->[AGG_MAX_IN] = $b; $l->[AGG_OUT_BYTES] .= $out_bytes; } else { # AGG_MIN_IN => 0, # AGG_MAX_IN => 1, # AGG_OUT_BYTES => 2, # AGG_NEXT => 3, # AGG_IN_LEN => 4, # AGG_OUT_LEN => 5, # AGG_FALLBACK => 6, # Reset the last thing we saw, plus set 5 lexicals to save some derefs. # (only gains .6% on euc-jp -- is it worth it?) push @ent, $l = [$b, $agg_max_in = $b, $out_bytes, $agg_next = $next, $agg_in_len = $in_len, $agg_out_len = length $out_bytes, $agg_fallback = $fallback]; } if (exists $next->{Cname}) { $next->{'Forward'} = 1 if $next != $a; } else { process(sprintf("%s_%02x",$name,$b),$next); } } # encengine.c rules say that last entry must be for 255 if ($agg_max_in < 255) { push @ent, [1+$agg_max_in, 255,undef,$a,0,0]; } $a->{'Entries'} = \@ent; } sub addstrings { my ($fh,$a) = @_; my $name = $a->{'Cname'}; # String tables foreach my $b (@{$a->{'Entries'}}) { next unless $b->[AGG_OUT_LEN]; $strings{$b->[AGG_OUT_BYTES]} = undef; } if ($a->{'Forward'}) { my ($cpp, $static, $sized) = compiler_info(1); my $count = $sized ? scalar(@{$a->{'Entries'}}) : ''; if ($static) { # we cannot ask Config for d_plusplus since we can override CC=g++-6 on the cmdline print $fh "#ifdef __cplusplus\n"; # -fpermissive since g++-6 print $fh "extern encpage_t $name\[$count];\n"; print $fh "#else\n"; print $fh "static const encpage_t $name\[$count];\n"; print $fh "#endif\n"; } else { print $fh "extern encpage_t $name\[$count];\n"; } } $a->{'DoneStrings'} = 1; foreach my $b (@{$a->{'Entries'}}) { my ($s,$e,$out,$t,$end,$l) = @$b; addstrings($fh,$t) unless $t->{'DoneStrings'}; } } sub outbigstring { my ($fh,$name) = @_; $string_acc = ''; # Make the big string in the string accumulator. Longest first, on the hope # that this makes it more likely that we find the short strings later on. # Not sure if it helps sorting strings of the same length lexically. foreach my $s (sort {length $b <=> length $a || $a cmp $b} keys %strings) { my $index = index $string_acc, $s; if ($index >= 0) { $saved += length($s); $strings_in_acc{$s} = $index; } else { OPTIMISER: { if ($opt{'O'}) { my $sublength = length $s; while (--$sublength > 0) { # progressively lop characters off the end, to see if the start of # the new string overlaps the end of the accumulator. if (substr ($string_acc, -$sublength) eq substr ($s, 0, $sublength)) { $subsave += $sublength; $strings_in_acc{$s} = length ($string_acc) - $sublength; # append the last bit on the end. $string_acc .= substr ($s, $sublength); last OPTIMISER; } # or if the end of the new string overlaps the start of the # accumulator next unless substr ($string_acc, 0, $sublength) eq substr ($s, -$sublength); # well, the last $sublength characters of the accumulator match. # so as we're prepending to the accumulator, need to shift all our # existing offsets forwards $_ += $sublength foreach values %strings_in_acc; $subsave += $sublength; $strings_in_acc{$s} = 0; # append the first bit on the start. $string_acc = substr ($s, 0, -$sublength) . $string_acc; last OPTIMISER; } } # Optimiser (if it ran) found nothing, so just going have to tack the # whole thing on the end. $strings_in_acc{$s} = length $string_acc; $string_acc .= $s; }; } } $strings = length $string_acc; my ($cpp) = compiler_info(0); my $var = $cpp ? '' : 'static'; my $definition = "\n$var const U8 $name\[$strings] = { " . join(',',unpack "C*",$string_acc); # We have a single long line. Split it at convenient commas. print $fh $1, "\n" while $definition =~ /\G(.{74,77},)/gcs; print $fh substr ($definition, pos $definition), " };\n"; } sub findstring { my ($name,$s) = @_; my $offset = $strings_in_acc{$s}; die "Can't find string " . join (',',unpack "C*",$s) . " in accumulator" unless defined $offset; "$name + $offset"; } sub outtable { my ($fh,$a,$bigname) = @_; my $name = $a->{'Cname'}; $a->{'Done'} = 1; foreach my $b (@{$a->{'Entries'}}) { my ($s,$e,$out,$t,$end,$l) = @$b; outtable($fh,$t,$bigname) unless $t->{'Done'}; } my ($cpp, $static) = compiler_info(0); my $count = scalar(@{$a->{'Entries'}}); if ($static) { print $fh "#ifdef __cplusplus\n"; # -fpermissive since g++-6 print $fh "encpage_t $name\[$count] = {\n"; print $fh "#else\n"; print $fh "static const encpage_t $name\[$count] = {\n"; print $fh "#endif\n"; } else { print $fh "\nencpage_t $name\[$count] = {\n"; } foreach my $b (@{$a->{'Entries'}}) { my ($sc,$ec,$out,$t,$end,$l,$fb) = @$b; # $end |= 0x80 if $fb; # what the heck was on your mind, Nick? -- Dan print $fh "{"; if ($l) { printf $fh findstring($bigname,$out); } else { print $fh "0"; } print $fh ",",$t->{Cname}; printf $fh ",0x%02x,0x%02x,$l,$end},\n",$sc,$ec; } print $fh "};\n"; } sub output_enc { my ($fh,$name,$a) = @_; die "Changed - fix me for new structure"; foreach my $b (sort keys %$a) { my ($s,$e,$out,$t,$end,$l,$fb) = @{$a->{$b}}; } } sub decode_U { my $s = shift; } my @uname; sub char_names{} # cf. https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=132471 sub output_ucm_page { my ($cmap,$a,$t,$pre) = @_; # warn sprintf("Page %x\n",$pre); my $raw = $t->{Raw}; foreach my $key (sort keys %$raw) { # RAW_NEXT => 0, # RAW_IN_LEN => 1, # RAW_OUT_BYTES => 2, # RAW_FALLBACK => 3, my ($next, $in_len, $out_bytes, $fallback) = @{$raw->{$key}}; my $u = ord $key; $fallback ||= 0; if ($next != $a && $next != $t) { output_ucm_page($cmap,$a,$next,(($pre|($u &0x3F)) << 6)&0xFFFF); } elsif (length $out_bytes) { if ($pre) { $u = $pre|($u &0x3f); } my $s = sprintf "<U%04X> ",$u; #foreach my $c (split(//,$out_bytes)) { # $s .= sprintf "\\x%02X",ord($c); #} # 9.5% faster changing that loop to this: $s .= sprintf +("\\x%02X" x length $out_bytes), unpack "C*", $out_bytes; $s .= sprintf " |%d # %s\n",($fallback ? 1 : 0),$uname[$u]; push(@$cmap,$s); } else { warn join(',',$u, @{$raw->{$key}},$a,$t); } } } sub output_ucm { my ($fh,$name,$h,$rep,$min_el,$max_el) = @_; print $fh "# $0 @orig_ARGV\n" unless $opt{'q'}; print $fh "<code_set_name> \"$name\"\n"; char_names(); if (defined $min_el) { print $fh "<mb_cur_min> $min_el\n"; } if (defined $max_el) { print $fh "<mb_cur_max> $max_el\n"; } if (defined $rep) { print $fh "<subchar> "; foreach my $c (split(//,$rep)) { printf $fh "\\x%02X",ord($c); } print $fh "\n"; } my @cmap; output_ucm_page(\@cmap,$h,$h,0); print $fh "#\nCHARMAP\n"; foreach my $line (sort { substr($a,8) cmp substr($b,8) } @cmap) { print $fh $line; } print $fh "END CHARMAP\n"; } use vars qw( $_Enc2xs $_Version $_Inc $_E2X $_Name $_TableFiles $_Now ); sub find_e2x{ eval { require File::Find; }; my (@inc, %e2x_dir); for my $inc (grep -d, @INC){ push @inc, $inc unless $inc eq '.'; #skip current dir } File::Find::find( { wanted => sub { my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid,$rdev,$size, $atime,$mtime,$ctime,$blksize,$blocks) = lstat($_) or return; -f _ or return; if (/^.*\.e2x$/o){ no warnings 'once'; $e2x_dir{$File::Find::dir} ||= $mtime; } return; }, follow => 1}, @inc); warn join("\n", keys %e2x_dir), "\n"; for my $d (sort {$e2x_dir{$a} <=> $e2x_dir{$b}} keys %e2x_dir){ $_E2X = $d; # warn "$_E2X => ", scalar localtime($e2x_dir{$d}); return $_E2X; } } sub make_makefile_pl { eval { require Encode } or die "You need to install Encode to use enc2xs -M\nerror: $@\n"; # our used for variable expansion $_Enc2xs = $0; $_Version = $VERSION; $_E2X = find_e2x(); $_Name = shift; $_TableFiles = join(",", map {qq('$_')} @_); $_Now = scalar localtime(); eval { require File::Spec; }; _print_expand(File::Spec->catfile($_E2X,"Makefile_PL.e2x"),"Makefile.PL"); _print_expand(File::Spec->catfile($_E2X,"_PM.e2x"), "$_Name.pm"); _print_expand(File::Spec->catfile($_E2X,"_T.e2x"), "t/$_Name.t"); _print_expand(File::Spec->catfile($_E2X,"README.e2x"), "README"); _print_expand(File::Spec->catfile($_E2X,"Changes.e2x"), "Changes"); exit; } use vars qw( $_ModLines $_LocalVer ); sub make_configlocal_pm { eval { require Encode } or die "Unable to require Encode: $@\n"; eval { require File::Spec; }; # our used for variable expantion my %in_core = map { $_ => 1 } ( 'ascii', 'iso-8859-1', 'utf8', 'ascii-ctrl', 'null', 'utf-8-strict' ); my %LocalMod = (); # check @enc; use File::Find (); my $wanted = sub{ -f $_ or return; $File::Find::name =~ /\A\./ and return; $File::Find::name =~ /\.pm\z/ or return; $File::Find::name =~ m/\bEncode\b/ or return; my $mod = $File::Find::name; $mod =~ s/.*\bEncode\b/Encode/o; $mod =~ s/\.pm\z//o; $mod =~ s,/,::,og; eval qq{ require $mod; } or return; warn qq{ require $mod;\n}; for my $enc ( Encode->encodings() ) { no warnings; $in_core{$enc} and next; $Encode::Config::ExtModule{$enc} and next; $LocalMod{$enc} ||= $mod; } }; File::Find::find({wanted => $wanted, follow => 1}, grep -d && !/^\./, @INC); $_ModLines = ""; for my $enc ( sort keys %LocalMod ) { $_ModLines .= qq(\$Encode::ExtModule{'$enc'} = "$LocalMod{$enc}";\n); } warn $_ModLines if $_ModLines; $_LocalVer = _mkversion(); $_E2X = find_e2x(); $_Inc = $INC{"Encode.pm"}; $_Inc =~ s/\.pm$//o; _print_expand( File::Spec->catfile( $_E2X, "ConfigLocal_PM.e2x" ), File::Spec->catfile( $_Inc, "ConfigLocal.pm" ), 1 ); exit; } sub _mkversion{ # v-string is now depreciated; use time() instead; #my ($ss,$mm,$hh,$dd,$mo,$yyyy) = localtime(); #$yyyy += 1900, $mo +=1; #return sprintf("v%04d.%04d.%04d", $yyyy, $mo*100+$dd, $hh*100+$mm); return time(); } sub _print_expand{ eval { require File::Basename } or die "File::Basename needed. Are you on miniperl?;\nerror: $@\n"; File::Basename->import(); my ($src, $dst, $clobber) = @_; if (!$clobber and -e $dst){ warn "$dst exists. skipping\n"; return; } warn "Generating $dst...\n"; open my $in, $src or die "$src : $!"; if ((my $d = dirname($dst)) ne '.'){ -d $d or mkdir $d, 0755 or die "mkdir $d : $!"; } open my $out, ">", $dst or die "$!"; my $asis = 0; while (<$in>){ if (/^#### END_OF_HEADER/){ $asis = 1; next; } s/(\$_[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]+)_/$1/gee unless $asis; print $out $_; } } __END__ =head1 NAME enc2xs -- Perl Encode Module Generator =head1 SYNOPSIS enc2xs -[options] enc2xs -M ModName mapfiles... enc2xs -C =head1 DESCRIPTION F<enc2xs> builds a Perl extension for use by Encode from either Unicode Character Mapping files (.ucm) or Tcl Encoding Files (.enc). Besides being used internally during the build process of the Encode module, you can use F<enc2xs> to add your own encoding to perl. No knowledge of XS is necessary. =head1 Quick Guide If you want to know as little about Perl as possible but need to add a new encoding, just read this chapter and forget the rest. =over 4 =item 0.Z<> Have a .ucm file ready. You can get it from somewhere or you can write your own from scratch or you can grab one from the Encode distribution and customize it. For the UCM format, see the next Chapter. In the example below, I'll call my theoretical encoding myascii, defined in I<my.ucm>. C<$> is a shell prompt. $ ls -F my.ucm =item 1.Z<> Issue a command as follows; $ enc2xs -M My my.ucm generating Makefile.PL generating My.pm generating README generating Changes Now take a look at your current directory. It should look like this. $ ls -F Makefile.PL My.pm my.ucm t/ The following files were created. Makefile.PL - MakeMaker script My.pm - Encode submodule t/My.t - test file =over 4 =item 1.1.Z<> If you want *.ucm installed together with the modules, do as follows; $ mkdir Encode $ mv *.ucm Encode $ enc2xs -M My Encode/*ucm =back =item 2.Z<> Edit the files generated. You don't have to if you have no time AND no intention to give it to someone else. But it is a good idea to edit the pod and to add more tests. =item 3.Z<> Now issue a command all Perl Mongers love: $ perl Makefile.PL Writing Makefile for Encode::My =item 4.Z<> Now all you have to do is make. $ make cp My.pm blib/lib/Encode/My.pm /usr/local/bin/perl /usr/local/bin/enc2xs -Q -O \ -o encode_t.c -f encode_t.fnm Reading myascii (myascii) Writing compiled form 128 bytes in string tables 384 bytes (75%) saved spotting duplicates 1 bytes (0.775%) saved using substrings .... chmod 644 blib/arch/auto/Encode/My/My.bs $ The time it takes varies depending on how fast your machine is and how large your encoding is. Unless you are working on something big like euc-tw, it won't take too long. =item 5.Z<> You can "make install" already but you should test first. $ make test PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /usr/local/bin/perl -Iblib/arch -Iblib/lib \ -e 'use Test::Harness qw(&runtests $verbose); \ $verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t t/My....ok All tests successful. Files=1, Tests=2, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.09 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.09 CPU) =item 6.Z<> If you are content with the test result, just "make install" =item 7.Z<> If you want to add your encoding to Encode's demand-loading list (so you don't have to "use Encode::YourEncoding"), run enc2xs -C to update Encode::ConfigLocal, a module that controls local settings. After that, "use Encode;" is enough to load your encodings on demand. =back =head1 The Unicode Character Map Encode uses the Unicode Character Map (UCM) format for source character mappings. This format is used by IBM's ICU package and was adopted by Nick Ing-Simmons for use with the Encode module. Since UCM is more flexible than Tcl's Encoding Map and far more user-friendly, this is the recommended format for Encode now. A UCM file looks like this. # # Comments # <code_set_name> "US-ascii" # Required <code_set_alias> "ascii" # Optional <mb_cur_min> 1 # Required; usually 1 <mb_cur_max> 1 # Max. # of bytes/char <subchar> \x3F # Substitution char # CHARMAP <U0000> \x00 |0 # <control> <U0001> \x01 |0 # <control> <U0002> \x02 |0 # <control> .... <U007C> \x7C |0 # VERTICAL LINE <U007D> \x7D |0 # RIGHT CURLY BRACKET <U007E> \x7E |0 # TILDE <U007F> \x7F |0 # <control> END CHARMAP =over 4 =item * Anything that follows C<#> is treated as a comment. =item * The header section continues until a line containing the word CHARMAP. This section has a form of I<E<lt>keywordE<gt> value>, one pair per line. Strings used as values must be quoted. Barewords are treated as numbers. I<\xXX> represents a byte. Most of the keywords are self-explanatory. I<subchar> means substitution character, not subcharacter. When you decode a Unicode sequence to this encoding but no matching character is found, the byte sequence defined here will be used. For most cases, the value here is \x3F; in ASCII, this is a question mark. =item * CHARMAP starts the character map section. Each line has a form as follows: <UXXXX> \xXX.. |0 # comment ^ ^ ^ | | +- Fallback flag | +-------- Encoded byte sequence +-------------- Unicode Character ID in hex The format is roughly the same as a header section except for the fallback flag: | followed by 0..3. The meaning of the possible values is as follows: =over 4 =item |0 Round trip safe. A character decoded to Unicode encodes back to the same byte sequence. Most characters have this flag. =item |1 Fallback for unicode -> encoding. When seen, enc2xs adds this character for the encode map only. =item |2 Skip sub-char mapping should there be no code point. =item |3 Fallback for encoding -> unicode. When seen, enc2xs adds this character for the decode map only. =back =item * And finally, END OF CHARMAP ends the section. =back When you are manually creating a UCM file, you should copy ascii.ucm or an existing encoding which is close to yours, rather than write your own from scratch. When you do so, make sure you leave at least B<U0000> to B<U0020> as is, unless your environment is EBCDIC. B<CAVEAT>: not all features in UCM are implemented. For example, icu:state is not used. Because of that, you need to write a perl module if you want to support algorithmical encodings, notably the ISO-2022 series. Such modules include L<Encode::JP::2022_JP>, L<Encode::KR::2022_KR>, and L<Encode::TW::HZ>. =head2 Coping with duplicate mappings When you create a map, you SHOULD make your mappings round-trip safe. That is, C<encode('your-encoding', decode('your-encoding', $data)) eq $data> stands for all characters that are marked as C<|0>. Here is how to make sure: =over 4 =item * Sort your map in Unicode order. =item * When you have a duplicate entry, mark either one with '|1' or '|3'. =item * And make sure the '|1' or '|3' entry FOLLOWS the '|0' entry. =back Here is an example from big5-eten. <U2550> \xF9\xF9 |0 <U2550> \xA2\xA4 |3 Internally Encoding -> Unicode and Unicode -> Encoding Map looks like this; E to U U to E -------------------------------------- \xF9\xF9 => U2550 U2550 => \xF9\xF9 \xA2\xA4 => U2550 So it is round-trip safe for \xF9\xF9. But if the line above is upside down, here is what happens. E to U U to E -------------------------------------- \xA2\xA4 => U2550 U2550 => \xF9\xF9 (\xF9\xF9 => U2550 is now overwritten!) The Encode package comes with F<ucmlint>, a crude but sufficient utility to check the integrity of a UCM file. Check under the Encode/bin directory for this. When in doubt, you can use F<ucmsort>, yet another utility under Encode/bin directory. =head1 Bookmarks =over 4 =item * ICU Home Page L<http://www.icu-project.org/> =item * ICU Character Mapping Tables L<http://site.icu-project.org/charts/charset> =item * ICU:Conversion Data L<http://www.icu-project.org/userguide/conversion-data.html> =back =head1 SEE ALSO L<Encode>, L<perlmod>, L<perlpod> =cut # -Q to disable the duplicate codepoint test # -S make mapping errors fatal # -q to remove comments written to output files # -O to enable the (brute force) substring optimiser # -o <output> to specify the output file name (else it's the first arg) # -f <inlist> to give a file with a list of input files (else use the args) # -n <name> to name the encoding (else use the basename of the input file. With %seen holding array refs: 865.66 real 28.80 user 8.79 sys 7904 maximum resident set size 1356 average shared memory size 18566 average unshared data size 229 average unshared stack size 46080 page reclaims 33373 page faults With %seen holding simple scalars: 342.16 real 27.11 user 3.54 sys 8388 maximum resident set size 1394 average shared memory size 14969 average unshared data size 236 average unshared stack size 28159 page reclaims 9839 page faults Yes, 5 minutes is faster than 15. Above is for CP936 in CN. Only difference is how %seen is storing things its seen. So it is pathalogically bad on a 16M RAM machine, but it's going to help even on modern machines. Swapping is bad, m'kay :-)
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